2026 Planting Guide
Fall cropWhen to Plant Wheat in Missouri
Complete guide to growing wheat in Missouri with optimal planting dates, recommended varieties, soil requirements, pest management, and harvest timing. Data sourced from USDA and state extension services.
Monthly Planting Calendar
Visual overview of the wheat growing season in Missouri. Red diamond markers indicate frost date boundaries.
Quick Facts
Min. Soil Temp
40-55°F (4-13°C)
Growing Period
230-260 days
From planting to harvest
Last Spring Frost
April 10
Wait until after this date
First Fall Frost
October 18
Harvest before this date
Monthly Task Timeline
Month-by-month guide for managing wheat in Missouri.
January - May
Grow & MonitorIrrigate as needed, scout for pests, apply side-dress fertilizer, and manage weeds.
June - July
HarvestCheck maturity indicators, schedule equipment, harvest at optimal moisture content.
August - September
Off-seasonCover crop planting, soil testing, equipment maintenance, and planning for next season.
October
PlantPrepare soil, apply starter fertilizer, and sow seeds at recommended depth and spacing.
November - December
Grow & MonitorIrrigate as needed, scout for pests, apply side-dress fertilizer, and manage weeds.
Best Wheat Varieties for Missouri
These varieties have proven performance in Missouri's climate and soil conditions. Always source certified seed from reputable dealers.
| # | Variety | Best For |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | AgriPro SY Wolverine | Missouri climate |
| 2 | Pioneer 25R47 | Missouri climate |
| 3 | Dyna-Gro WX18747 | Missouri climate |
Growing Tips for Missouri
Region-specific advice from agricultural extension services and experienced Missouri farmers.
Soft red winter wheat — Missouri is a significant producer
Hessian fly-free dates vary: Sept 25 (north) to Oct 10 (south)
Apply 90-120 lbs N/acre in spring split applications
Pest & Disease Watch
Monitor for these threats throughout the growing season. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is recommended.
Hessian fly
Scout regularly and use integrated pest management
Aphids
Scout regularly and use integrated pest management
Armyworm
Scout regularly and use integrated pest management
Wheat midge
Scout regularly and use integrated pest management
Cereal leaf beetle
Scout regularly and use integrated pest management
Companion Planting
These plants grow well alongside wheat, improving pest control, pollination, and nutrient availability.
Frost Dates
Last Spring Frost
April 10
Wait until after this date before planting frost-sensitive crops outdoors.
First Fall Frost
October 18
Plan to complete harvest of warm-season crops before this date arrives.
Frequently Asked Questions
When is the best time to plant wheat in Missouri?
The optimal planting window for wheat in Missouri is October 1 to October 31. Soil temperature should reach at least 40-55°F (4-13°C) before planting. The total growing period is 230-260 days.
What varieties of wheat grow best in Missouri?
The best varieties for Missouri include AgriPro SY Wolverine, Pioneer 25R47, Dyna-Gro WX18747. These varieties are adapted to local climate and soil conditions and have proven performance records.
When can I harvest wheat in Missouri?
The harvest window for wheat in Missouri is typically June 10 to July 5. The crop takes 230-260 days from planting to reach maturity.
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Data Sources
Data sourced from USDA NASS Crop Planting Dates, Missouri Cooperative Extension Service, and NOAA frost date records. Last updated: March 2026.
Planting dates are averages and may vary by county, elevation, and local microclimate. Always consult your local extension office for the most precise recommendations.