2026 Planting Guide

Fall crop

When to Plant Wheat in Missouri

Plant October 1October 31Harvest June 10July 5230-260 days growing period

Complete guide to growing wheat in Missouri with optimal planting dates, recommended varieties, soil requirements, pest management, and harvest timing. Data sourced from USDA and state extension services.

Monthly Planting Calendar

Visual overview of the wheat growing season in Missouri. Red diamond markers indicate frost date boundaries.

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Grow
Grow
Grow
Grow
Grow
Harvest
Harvest
Plant
Grow
Grow
Plant: October 1 - October 31GrowHarvest: June 10 - July 5Frost dates

Quick Facts

Min. Soil Temp

40-55°F (4-13°C)

32F50F65F80F

Growing Period

230-260 days

From planting to harvest

Last Spring Frost

April 10

Wait until after this date

First Fall Frost

October 18

Harvest before this date

Monthly Task Timeline

Month-by-month guide for managing wheat in Missouri.

January - May

Grow & Monitor

Irrigate as needed, scout for pests, apply side-dress fertilizer, and manage weeds.

June - July

Harvest

Check maturity indicators, schedule equipment, harvest at optimal moisture content.

August - September

Off-season

Cover crop planting, soil testing, equipment maintenance, and planning for next season.

October

Plant

Prepare soil, apply starter fertilizer, and sow seeds at recommended depth and spacing.

November - December

Grow & Monitor

Irrigate as needed, scout for pests, apply side-dress fertilizer, and manage weeds.

Best Wheat Varieties for Missouri

These varieties have proven performance in Missouri's climate and soil conditions. Always source certified seed from reputable dealers.

#VarietyBest For
1AgriPro SY WolverineMissouri climate
2Pioneer 25R47Missouri climate
3Dyna-Gro WX18747Missouri climate

Growing Tips for Missouri

Region-specific advice from agricultural extension services and experienced Missouri farmers.

1

Soft red winter wheat — Missouri is a significant producer

2

Hessian fly-free dates vary: Sept 25 (north) to Oct 10 (south)

3

Apply 90-120 lbs N/acre in spring split applications

Pest & Disease Watch

Monitor for these threats throughout the growing season. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is recommended.

Hessian fly

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Aphids

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Armyworm

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Wheat midge

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Cereal leaf beetle

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Companion Planting

These plants grow well alongside wheat, improving pest control, pollination, and nutrient availability.

Clover
Lentils
Peas
Oats

Frost Dates

Last Spring Frost

April 10

Wait until after this date before planting frost-sensitive crops outdoors.

First Fall Frost

October 18

Plan to complete harvest of warm-season crops before this date arrives.

Frequently Asked Questions

When is the best time to plant wheat in Missouri?

The optimal planting window for wheat in Missouri is October 1 to October 31. Soil temperature should reach at least 40-55°F (4-13°C) before planting. The total growing period is 230-260 days.

What varieties of wheat grow best in Missouri?

The best varieties for Missouri include AgriPro SY Wolverine, Pioneer 25R47, Dyna-Gro WX18747. These varieties are adapted to local climate and soil conditions and have proven performance records.

When can I harvest wheat in Missouri?

The harvest window for wheat in Missouri is typically June 10 to July 5. The crop takes 230-260 days from planting to reach maturity.

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Data Sources

Data sourced from USDA NASS Crop Planting Dates, Missouri Cooperative Extension Service, and NOAA frost date records. Last updated: March 2026.

Planting dates are averages and may vary by county, elevation, and local microclimate. Always consult your local extension office for the most precise recommendations.