2026 Planting Guide

Spring crop

When to Plant Soybeans in Missouri

Plant April 25June 1Harvest September 20October 30105-140 days growing period

Complete guide to growing soybeans in Missouri with optimal planting dates, recommended varieties, soil requirements, pest management, and harvest timing. Data sourced from USDA and state extension services.

Monthly Planting Calendar

Visual overview of the soybeans growing season in Missouri. Red diamond markers indicate frost date boundaries.

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Plant
Plant
Plant
Grow
Grow
Harvest
Harvest
Plant: April 25 - June 1GrowHarvest: September 20 - October 30Frost dates

Quick Facts

Min. Soil Temp

55°F (13°C) minimum

32F50F65F80F

Growing Period

105-140 days

From planting to harvest

Last Spring Frost

April 10

Wait until after this date

First Fall Frost

October 18

Harvest before this date

Monthly Task Timeline

Month-by-month guide for managing soybeans in Missouri.

January - March

Off-season

Cover crop planting, soil testing, equipment maintenance, and planning for next season.

April - June

Plant

Prepare soil, apply starter fertilizer, and sow seeds at recommended depth and spacing.

July - August

Grow & Monitor

Irrigate as needed, scout for pests, apply side-dress fertilizer, and manage weeds.

September - October

Harvest

Check maturity indicators, schedule equipment, harvest at optimal moisture content.

November - December

Off-season

Cover crop planting, soil testing, equipment maintenance, and planning for next season.

Best Soybeans Varieties for Missouri

These varieties have proven performance in Missouri's climate and soil conditions. Always source certified seed from reputable dealers.

#VarietyBest For
1Asgrow AG40X0Missouri climate
2Pioneer P40A47XMissouri climate
3MorSoy MS 4018NXMissouri climate

Growing Tips for Missouri

Region-specific advice from agricultural extension services and experienced Missouri farmers.

1

Maturity groups 3.5-4.5 statewide

2

Bootheel: earliest planting in late April

3

Dicamba-tolerant varieties for waterhemp management

Pest & Disease Watch

Monitor for these threats throughout the growing season. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is recommended.

Soybean aphid

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Bean leaf beetle

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Spider mites

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Stink bugs

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Soybean cyst nematode

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Companion Planting

These plants grow well alongside soybeans, improving pest control, pollination, and nutrient availability.

Corn
Sorghum
Wheat (rotation)
Clover

Frost Dates

Last Spring Frost

April 10

Wait until after this date before planting frost-sensitive crops outdoors.

First Fall Frost

October 18

Plan to complete harvest of warm-season crops before this date arrives.

Frequently Asked Questions

When is the best time to plant soybeans in Missouri?

The optimal planting window for soybeans in Missouri is April 25 to June 1. Soil temperature should reach at least 55°F (13°C) minimum before planting. The total growing period is 105-140 days.

What varieties of soybeans grow best in Missouri?

The best varieties for Missouri include Asgrow AG40X0, Pioneer P40A47X, MorSoy MS 4018NX. These varieties are adapted to local climate and soil conditions and have proven performance records.

When can I harvest soybeans in Missouri?

The harvest window for soybeans in Missouri is typically September 20 to October 30. The crop takes 105-140 days from planting to reach maturity.

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Data Sources

Data sourced from USDA NASS Crop Planting Dates, Missouri Cooperative Extension Service, and NOAA frost date records. Last updated: March 2026.

Planting dates are averages and may vary by county, elevation, and local microclimate. Always consult your local extension office for the most precise recommendations.