2026 Planting Guide

Spring crop

When to Plant Peppers in Missouri

Plant May 5May 30Harvest July 20October 1565-85 days growing period

Complete guide to growing peppers in Missouri with optimal planting dates, recommended varieties, soil requirements, pest management, and harvest timing. Data sourced from USDA and state extension services.

Monthly Planting Calendar

Visual overview of the peppers growing season in Missouri. Red diamond markers indicate frost date boundaries.

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Plant
Grow
Harvest
Harvest
Harvest
Harvest
Plant: May 5 - May 30GrowHarvest: July 20 - October 15Frost dates

Quick Facts

Min. Soil Temp

65°F (18°C) minimum

32F50F65F80F

Growing Period

65-85 days

From planting to harvest

Last Spring Frost

April 10

Wait until after this date

First Fall Frost

October 18

Harvest before this date

Monthly Task Timeline

Month-by-month guide for managing peppers in Missouri.

January - April

Off-season

Cover crop planting, soil testing, equipment maintenance, and planning for next season.

May

Plant

Prepare soil, apply starter fertilizer, and sow seeds at recommended depth and spacing.

June

Grow & Monitor

Irrigate as needed, scout for pests, apply side-dress fertilizer, and manage weeds.

July - October

Harvest

Check maturity indicators, schedule equipment, harvest at optimal moisture content.

November - December

Off-season

Cover crop planting, soil testing, equipment maintenance, and planning for next season.

Best Peppers Varieties for Missouri

These varieties have proven performance in Missouri's climate and soil conditions. Always source certified seed from reputable dealers.

#VarietyBest For
1California WonderMissouri climate
2Bell BoyMissouri climate
3JalapenoMissouri climate
4CayenneMissouri climate

Growing Tips for Missouri

Region-specific advice from agricultural extension services and experienced Missouri farmers.

1

Transplant after May 1 in southern MO

2

Mulch and drip irrigation for best results

3

Harvest regularly to encourage continued fruiting

Pest & Disease Watch

Monitor for these threats throughout the growing season. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is recommended.

Aphids

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Pepper weevil

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Hornworms

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Whiteflies

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Bacterial leaf spot

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Companion Planting

These plants grow well alongside peppers, improving pest control, pollination, and nutrient availability.

Tomatoes
Basil
Carrots
Onions
Spinach

Frost Dates

Last Spring Frost

April 10

Wait until after this date before planting frost-sensitive crops outdoors.

First Fall Frost

October 18

Plan to complete harvest of warm-season crops before this date arrives.

Frequently Asked Questions

When is the best time to plant peppers in Missouri?

The optimal planting window for peppers in Missouri is May 5 to May 30. Soil temperature should reach at least 65°F (18°C) minimum before planting. The total growing period is 65-85 days.

What varieties of peppers grow best in Missouri?

The best varieties for Missouri include California Wonder, Bell Boy, Jalapeno, Cayenne. These varieties are adapted to local climate and soil conditions and have proven performance records.

When can I harvest peppers in Missouri?

The harvest window for peppers in Missouri is typically July 20 to October 15. The crop takes 65-85 days from planting to reach maturity.

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Data Sources

Data sourced from USDA NASS Crop Planting Dates, Missouri Cooperative Extension Service, and NOAA frost date records. Last updated: March 2026.

Planting dates are averages and may vary by county, elevation, and local microclimate. Always consult your local extension office for the most precise recommendations.