2026 Planting Guide

Spring crop

When to Plant Cotton in North Carolina

Plant April 20May 20Harvest October 15December 1150-175 days growing period

Complete guide to growing cotton in North Carolina with optimal planting dates, recommended varieties, soil requirements, pest management, and harvest timing. Data sourced from USDA and state extension services.

Monthly Planting Calendar

Visual overview of the cotton growing season in North Carolina. Red diamond markers indicate frost date boundaries.

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Plant
Plant
Grow
Grow
Grow
Grow
Harvest
Harvest
Harvest
Plant: April 20 - May 20GrowHarvest: October 15 - December 1Frost dates

Quick Facts

Min. Soil Temp

65°F (18°C) minimum

32F50F65F80F

Growing Period

150-175 days

From planting to harvest

Last Spring Frost

April 5

Wait until after this date

First Fall Frost

October 25

Harvest before this date

Monthly Task Timeline

Month-by-month guide for managing cotton in North Carolina.

January - March

Off-season

Cover crop planting, soil testing, equipment maintenance, and planning for next season.

April - May

Plant

Prepare soil, apply starter fertilizer, and sow seeds at recommended depth and spacing.

June - September

Grow & Monitor

Irrigate as needed, scout for pests, apply side-dress fertilizer, and manage weeds.

October - December

Harvest

Check maturity indicators, schedule equipment, harvest at optimal moisture content.

Best Cotton Varieties for North Carolina

These varieties have proven performance in North Carolina's climate and soil conditions. Always source certified seed from reputable dealers.

#VarietyBest For
1PhytoGen PHY 480 W3FENorth Carolina climate
2Deltapine DP 2038 B3XFNorth Carolina climate

Growing Tips for North Carolina

Region-specific advice from agricultural extension services and experienced North Carolina farmers.

1

Coastal Plain: primary cotton area

2

Stink bug damage to bolls is increasing problem

3

Apply defoliant at 60% open bolls

Pest & Disease Watch

Monitor for these threats throughout the growing season. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is recommended.

Boll weevil

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Bollworm

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Whiteflies

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Aphids

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Spider mites

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Companion Planting

These plants grow well alongside cotton, improving pest control, pollination, and nutrient availability.

Sorghum
Peanuts
Sunflowers
Cover crops

Frost Dates

Last Spring Frost

April 5

Wait until after this date before planting frost-sensitive crops outdoors.

First Fall Frost

October 25

Plan to complete harvest of warm-season crops before this date arrives.

Frequently Asked Questions

When is the best time to plant cotton in North Carolina?

The optimal planting window for cotton in North Carolina is April 20 to May 20. Soil temperature should reach at least 65°F (18°C) minimum before planting. The total growing period is 150-175 days.

What varieties of cotton grow best in North Carolina?

The best varieties for North Carolina include PhytoGen PHY 480 W3FE, Deltapine DP 2038 B3XF. These varieties are adapted to local climate and soil conditions and have proven performance records.

When can I harvest cotton in North Carolina?

The harvest window for cotton in North Carolina is typically October 15 to December 1. The crop takes 150-175 days from planting to reach maturity.

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Data Sources

Data sourced from USDA NASS Crop Planting Dates, North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service, and NOAA frost date records. Last updated: March 2026.

Planting dates are averages and may vary by county, elevation, and local microclimate. Always consult your local extension office for the most precise recommendations.