2026 Planting Guide

Winter crop

When to Plant Cotton in Brazil

Plant December 1February 15Harvest June 1August 31160-200 days growing period

Complete guide to growing cotton in Brazil with optimal planting dates, recommended varieties, soil requirements, pest management, and harvest timing. Data sourced from national agricultural research organizations and FAO.

Monthly Planting Calendar

Visual overview of the cotton growing season in Brazil.

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Plant
Plant
Grow
Grow
Grow
Harvest
Harvest
Harvest
Plant
Plant: December 1 - February 15GrowHarvest: June 1 - August 31

Quick Facts

Min. Soil Temp

20°C (68°F) minimum

32F50F65F80F

Growing Period

160-200 days

From planting to harvest

Last Spring Frost

N/A

Tropical climate

First Fall Frost

N/A

No frost risk

Monthly Task Timeline

Month-by-month guide for managing cotton in Brazil.

January - February

Plant

Prepare soil, apply starter fertilizer, and sow seeds at recommended depth and spacing.

March - May

Grow & Monitor

Irrigate as needed, scout for pests, apply side-dress fertilizer, and manage weeds.

June - August

Harvest

Check maturity indicators, schedule equipment, harvest at optimal moisture content.

September - November

Off-season

Cover crop planting, soil testing, equipment maintenance, and planning for next season.

December

Plant

Prepare soil, apply starter fertilizer, and sow seeds at recommended depth and spacing.

Best Cotton Varieties for Brazil

These varieties have proven performance in Brazil's climate and soil conditions. Always source certified seed from reputable dealers.

#VarietyBest For
1TMG 81 WSBrazil climate
2FM 983GLTBrazil climate
3IMA 8405 WSBrazil climate
4DP 1746 B2RFBrazil climate

Growing Tips for Brazil

Region-specific advice from agricultural extension services and experienced Brazil farmers.

1

Mato Grosso and Bahia are top cotton states

2

Second-crop (safrinha) cotton after soybeans is dominant system

3

Brazil is world's #2 cotton exporter

4

Ramularia leaf spot — major disease, apply fungicides

Pest & Disease Watch

Monitor for these threats throughout the growing season. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is recommended.

Boll weevil

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Bollworm

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Whiteflies

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Aphids

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Spider mites

Scout regularly and use integrated pest management

Companion Planting

These plants grow well alongside cotton, improving pest control, pollination, and nutrient availability.

Sorghum
Peanuts
Sunflowers
Cover crops

Frost Dates

No Frost Risk

Brazil has a tropical or subtropical climate. Frost is generally not a concern, but altitude-dependent cold spells can occur in some areas.

Frequently Asked Questions

When is the best time to plant cotton in Brazil?

The optimal planting window for cotton in Brazil is December 1 to February 15. Soil temperature should reach at least 20°C (68°F) minimum before planting. The total growing period is 160-200 days.

What varieties of cotton grow best in Brazil?

The best varieties for Brazil include TMG 81 WS, FM 983GLT, IMA 8405 WS, DP 1746 B2RF. These varieties are adapted to local climate and soil conditions and have proven performance records.

When can I harvest cotton in Brazil?

The harvest window for cotton in Brazil is typically June 1 to August 31. The crop takes 160-200 days from planting to reach maturity.

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Data Sources

Data sourced from EMBRAPA (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria), CONAB, and state extension services. Last updated: March 2026.

Planting dates are averages and may vary by county, elevation, and local microclimate. Always consult your local extension office for the most precise recommendations.